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1 Liebig, Justus von
[br]b. 12 May 1803 Darmstadt, Germanyd. 18 April 1873 Munich, Germany[br]German chemist, pioneer in the training of chemists and in agricultural chemistry.[br]As the son of a pharmacist, Lei big early acquired an interest in chemistry. In 1822 he pursued his chemical studies in Paris under Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1778–1850), one of the leading chemists of the time. Three years later he became Professor of Chemistry in the small university of Giessen, near Frankfurt, where he remained for over thirty years. It was there that he established his celebrated laboratory for training in practical chemistry. The laboratory itself and the instruction given by Liebig were a model for the training of chemists throughout Europe and a steady stream of well-qualified chemists issued forth from Giessen. It was the supply of well-trained chemists that proved to be the basis for Germany's later success in industrial chemistry. The university now bears Liebig's name, and the laboratory has been preserved as a museum in the same state that it was in after the extensions of 1839. Liebig's many and important researches into chemical theory and organic chemistry lie outside the scope of this Dictionary. From 1840 he turned to the chemistry of living things. In agriculture, he stressed the importance of fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus, although he underrated the role of nitrogen. Liebig thereby exerted a powerful influence on the movement to provide agriculture with a scientific basis.[br]Further ReadingC.Paoloni, 1968, Justus von Liebig: eine Bibliographie sämtlicher Veröffentlichungen, Heidelberg: Carl Winter (includes a complete list of Liebig's papers and books, published collections of his letters and a list of secondary works about him).A.W.Hofmann, 1876, The Life Work of Liebig (Faraday Lecture), London (a valuable reference).J.R.Partington, 1964, A History of Chemistry, Vol. 4, London (a well-documented account of his work).F.R.Moulton, 1942, Liebig and After Liebig: A Century of Progress in Agricultural Chemistry, Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science, publication 18 (for Liebig's work in agricultural chemistry).J.B.Morrell, 1972, "The chemist breeders", Ambix 19:1–47 (for information about Liebig's laboratory).LRD -
2 Chemical technology
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3 Agricultural and food technology
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Jia SixieLi BingSong YingxingTownshend, CharlesWang ZhenXu GuangqiBiographical history of technology > Agricultural and food technology
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4 Gilbert, Joseph Henry
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 1 August 1817 Hull, Englandd. 23 December 1901 England[br]English chemist who co-established the reputation of Rothampsted Experimental Station as at the forefront of agricultural research.[br]Joseph Gilbert was the son of a congregational minister. His schooling was interrupted by the loss of an eye as the result of a shooting accident, but despite this setback he entered Glasgow University to study analytical chemistry, and then went to University College, London, where he was a fellow student of John Bennet Lawes. During his studies he visited Giessen, Germany, and worked in the laboratory of Justus von Liebig. In 1843, at the age of 26, he was hired as an assistant by Lawes, who was 29 at that time; an unbroken friendship and collaboration existed between the two until Lawes died in 1900. They began a series of experiments on grain production and grew plots under different applications of nitrogen, with control plots that received none at all. Much of the work at Rothampsted was on the nitrogen requirements of plants and how this element became available to them. The grain grown in these experiments was analyzed to determine whether nitrogen input affected grain quality. Gilbert was a methodical worker who by the time of his death had collected together some 50,000 carefully stored and recorded samples.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1893. FRS 1860. Fellow of the Chemistry Society 1841, President 1882–3. President, Chemical Section of the British Association 1880. Sibthorpian Professor of Rural Economy, Oxford University, 1884. Honorary Professor of the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester. Honorary member of the Royal Agricultural Society of England 1883. Royal Society Royal Medal 1867 (jointly with Lawes). Society of Arts Albert Gold Medal 1894 (jointly with Lawes). Liebig Foundation of the Royal Bavarian Academy of Science Silver Medal 1893 (jointly with Lawes).AP
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Liebig , Justus von — (1803–1873) German chemist Liebig, who was born in Darmstadt, Germany, was the son of a dealer in drugs, dyes, and associated chemicals. Aided by his father he developed an early interest in chemistry and was apprenticed to an apothecary. He… … Scientists
Liebig, Justus von — ► (1803 73) Químico alemán. Perfeccionó el método de análisis por combustión con óxido cúprico, lo que le permitió obtener la formulación empírica de numerosos compuestos orgánicos … Enciclopedia Universal
Justus Von Liebig — Baron Justus von Liebig (12 mai, 1803 à Darmstadt, Allemagne – 18 avril, 1873 à Munich, Allemagne) était un chimiste allemand. Il fit des contributions majeures à la chimie organique et à l agriculture. Il … Wikipédia en Français
Justus von liebig — Baron Justus von Liebig (12 mai, 1803 à Darmstadt, Allemagne – 18 avril, 1873 à Munich, Allemagne) était un chimiste allemand. Il fit des contributions majeures à la chimie organique et à l agriculture. Il … Wikipédia en Français
Justus von Liebig — en 1860 Naissance 12 mai 1803 Darmstadt (Saint Empire romain germanique) Décès 18 avril … Wikipédia en Français
Justus von Liebig — Justus von Liebig. Barón Justus von Liebig (Darmstadt, 12 de mayo de 1803 Múnich, 18 de abril de 1873). Químico alemán. Biografía La vocación de Von Liebig se manifestó ya en su adolescencia; fue ex … Wikipedia Español
LIEBIG (J. von) — LIEBIG JUSTUS baron von (1803 1873) Chimiste allemand, né à Darmstadt et mort à Munich. Justus von Liebig a fait son apprentissage chez son père droguiste qui s’intéressait à l’amélioration de ses produits. Après un stage dans une pharmacie, d’où … Encyclopédie Universelle
Justus von Liebig — Infobox Scientist name = Justus von Liebig |300px image width = 300px caption = Justus von Liebig chemist birth date = birth date|1803|5|12|df=y birth place = Darmstadt, Grand Duchy of Hesse death date = death date and age|1873|4|18|1803|5|12… … Wikipedia
Justus von Liebig — (ca. 1860) Justus Liebig, seit 1845 Freiherr von Liebig (* 12. Mai 1803 in Darmstadt; † 18. April 1873 in München), war ein deutscher Chemiker und Professor in Gießen und München … Deutsch Wikipedia
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Liebig, Justus, Freiherr von — ▪ German chemist Introduction born May 12, 1803, Darmstadt, Hesse Darmstadt [Germany] died April 18, 1873, Munich, Bavaria German chemist who made significant contributions to the analysis of organic compounds, the organization of laboratory… … Universalium